Back in the 90’s the cinema that I visited the most (UCI Wycombe 6, now Empire Cinemas 8-screen) had red curtains installed in all six auditoria.
Alas, I never did get there (in the early to mid 90s) as I was a teenager at the time and when I asked my Father “Where’s High Wycombe?” the response was “Miles away…”! (Read: “No, I don’t want to go for a jaunt around the M25 just to go to the cinema…”)
I suppose there might have been a window of opportunity that I missed after I’d learnt to drive.
Nowadays this seems to have become less and less the norm. Most of the auditoria that I visit do not have curtains or masking.
Alas so. I’ve told this story previously on Cinema Treasures but I might as well repeat it here: I remember the first time I went to a screen with no masking or tabs, it was an AMC in the American Midwest, where I was staying with some local people. When I complained about the lack of tabs, they said “Curtains? Aren’t they old fashioned?!”
In addition to looking more professional in terms of presentation, would I be correct in saying that the movable masking provides not only a cleaner edge to the projected image but it may also enhance the perceived contrast as it is a true black, unlike the very dark grey that is seen by most non-laser projection systems?
Digital projection will produce clean edges although if there is severe geometric distortion then those edges would be curved instead of straight. There can be a problem if the image requires “overscanning” because the side edges have unwanted content or aren’t always filled, which occurred with “Avengers: Infinity War” when I recently saw it in the Cineworld (Empire) Leicester Square 4DX. But then this could be fixed by performing the “overscanning” digitally, i.e. slightly upsampling the picture and cropping it, although I have to ask why it wasn’t resolved in post-production?
It does enhance the perceived contrast and also removes light scattering from the unmasked screen area which return back to the filled out, causing a subtle “wash out.” An auditorium with black coloured finishes also helps in this respect.
The suspended ceilings in Screen 5/7 appear to be the same as they were prior to the refurbishment, only with tiles removed where overhead speakers are hung.
“the bass and midrange drivers do use cone surrounds” –> “the bass and midrange drivers do use FOAM surrounds.”
“Not sure how levels would be adjusted in an automated digital projection environment?” –> “Not sure whether levels would be adjusted on the basis of auditorium fill in an automated digital projection environment?”
What changes, if any, have Vue made to the auditoria since taking over from Warner Village Cinemas at this location?
To be uncharitable—but not entirely unfair—it might be said the only thing Vue did to this cinema (other than a sale and leaseback!) for a very long time was gradually let it fall to bits…
…but then, in 2017, all “public” areas were completely refurbished at a cost of ~£6.7m (as stated in Vue’s publicity.) This was covered in a Cinema Technology Magazine article on p82 of the September 2017 edition and I also posted several comments in relation to this on Cinema Treasures.
To recap:
All auditoria were restepped with wider row spacing, new luxury black leather seating of which some at the front are electronically adjustable reclining seats.
New floor coverings.
Side/rear wall coverings replaced with black stretched fabric walls and acoustic wall carpeting (Eomac), all finishes now black including the art deco “stepped” coving around the prosenia which had previously had each “step” coloured in a different shade of grey.
Existing suspended ceilings in 5/7 were I think completely redone for Atmos but otherwise existing presumably kept.
Prior to this any changes made were very limited, possibly the carpets were replaced but I can’t remember if this was prior to the Vue acquisition/rebranding. The
Existing tabs kept.
LED-lit side fibre optic rods at the top of the new step risers in aisle locations.
Screen 5/7 have LED strip features incorporated into the sidewalls.
Here’s a couple of photos of Screen 7 as it was before the 2017 refurbishment:
Has the projector(s) used, sound system and speakers all be changed/upgraded?
Digital screenings – Sony 4K projectors added as with all other Vue sites. Not sure if there were any changes made but IIRC they were not replaced in 2017 at which point there were 2xSony SRX-R515DS in each of Screens 5/7 and Sony SRX-R320 in all other auditoria.
AFAIK celluoid projection no longer available.
Harkness Clarus XC170 screens were installed in Screens 5-8 in 2017.
Screen 5/7 JBL speakers were changed at some point for Martin Audio speakers; I think this was prior to the Vue acquisition, and the auditoria were still THX certified with the replacement speakers (they are on THX’s Approved Equipment list)—however, that reminds me—the THX certification was dropped from Screen 5 first, and only later Screen 7. Vue have themselves used Martin Audio in other locations, so it does get confusing!
Screen 5/7 sound systems replaced in 2017 with CP850 (Atmos) processors, Dolby Multichannel Class D amplifiers, and Dolby SLS speakers.
Not sure about the rest of the auditoria. Post-refurbishment, going by photos posted by DavidSimpson on Cinema Treasures, JBL 8330 rear arrays are still used in some auditoria. They’d possibly still be OK for smaller auditoria but they were never designed for discrete digital surround and the bass and midrange drivers do use cone surrounds (prone to “foam rot”), and electrolytic capacitors (albeit bypassed) are used in the crossovers.
All auditoria other than Screens 5/7 equipped with Dolby CP750 processors providing 7.1 surround.
Which row would you recommend when watching a movie in screen 5 or 7, both from an optimum viewing position and audio sweet spot.
Good question. When I said that I sat “towards the front,” I really meant the front row—which I had all to myself!
The first row in Screen 5, going by the licensing plans, I’d estimate to be about 0.6x screen width distance from the screen. Relatively speaking, this would relate to about row E at the Cineworld (Empire) Leicester Square IMAX, which is a couple of rows ahead of what I’d regard as the sweet spot in that auditorium.
Trouble is that the stepping isn’t as steep as more recent multiplexes and as was pointed out by someone else on Cinema Treasures the seating isn’t staggered so you might risk the screen being obscured, but this aside I think Row D might work well. Recalling that IMAX calls for no greater a seating distance than 1x screen width, this is altogether too far from the screen (I’d estimate just under the screen width away) but better placed for the rears/overheads.
Thinking about it, Row C might be a better choice, as (for the centre seating section) the next row are recliners, thus hopefully resolving the screen obstruction issue.
Also, Row C or D would probably relate to where I’ve sat in Screens 5 or 7 many times before the 2017 refurbishment.
But this is a somewhat arbitrary recommendation on my part—Dolby’s Atmos guidelines/manuals are likely to specify which location is to be optimised in terms of levels, time alignment, etc.
The Vue trailer that you linked to is one of two that have been shown each time that I have visited one of their cinemas over the past few years. Often the sound during this trailer demonstrates the surrounds and LFE far better than during most/all of the movie!
I’ve seen the Vue trailer at other locations (such as Vue Westfield London (Shepherd’s Bush)) and I wasn’t impressed on those occasions but it was certainly very impressive this time—and, yes, embarrassingly far better than the movie itself!
That was quite a detailed account of your visit, the only thing missing from making it a mystery customer report would have been commenting on the purchase of your ticket and food/drink including whom you were served by and how courteous etc they were!
LOL. Thanks, I like detail and precision. :–) Having said that, this “cinema obsession” is a curse—maybe it would be better if I could just “relax and enjoy the film” rather than report writing in my head for a later brain dump!
How full was the performance of Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom that you watched? AFAIK reference levels are usually saved for peak times when the auditorium is full or near to full. Certainly, off-peak performances when auditoria are often almost empty are played at lower volume levels.
It was an early evening performance, when I entered the auditorium it was almost empty. There were other patrons in the row behind, so I didn’t want to keep turning my head around to see how busy it was but I did get out of my seat once the end credits started and it looked fairly busy though not packed.
Not sure how levels would be adjusted in an automated digital projection environment?
By “not reference level” I mean quite a bit lower, not just a slight adjustment down.
Incidentally, IMAX Digital systems do allow the operator to adjust away from reference level but this is presumably to allow for specific screenings. IIRC if it’s left there IMAX’s Network Operations Centre will soon be in contact to ask why it’s not been set back to reference level!
But I’ve certainly attended screenings in near-empty non-IMAX auditoria where the levels must have been well over 120dB peak with enough LFE level to shake teeth loose—although understandably that’s not to everyone’s taste!
Sleep is now due, so replying to the rest of your post is to follow.
Zappomatic: Interesting that you didn’t find the projection brightness to be inadequate; hopefully this has indeed been rectified as the projection seemed underspecified!
How did you find it compared to the Wandsworth 4DX, including picture/sound/4DX effects, and did you find that the 4DX effects had been programmed to work effectively with “Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom”?
It turns out that 4DX actually have several versions* of their system with “premium” variants for additional types of “Environmental Effects” and enhanced “Motion Chair Effects” options.
(*At the time of posting this comment, in the “4DX THEATERS” section of this page, with PRIME/PRO/STANDARD/ECONOMY options and respective “Motion Chair Effects” and “Environmental Effects” capabilities listed for each.)
Regarding the structural aspects of the conversion, I’m not sure what you mean by visible beams, save for those used to suspend the 4DX gear?
I suppose I’ll now have to consider getting an “Unlimited” card as seeing a film in all available formats is an absurdly costly proposition for a cinema trip—even allowing for inflation, almost 10x times the cost of a ticket for a weekday matinee performance at Empire 1 in the 1990s!
As I alluded to in my previous post, I don’t think a lack of Auro 11.1 locations is overly concerning as it’s superseded and Atmos rollout is ongoing.
From my point of view, there are 3 Atmos locations within 20 minutes' drive of where I reside, plus getting to the West End is also trivial, even if in recent years finding the time (to go to any cinema) hasn’t been!
Regarding Dolby Vision, I’d guess there are political factors, pre-existing contracts, and so on to consider.
For example, Vue uses Sony projectors in all auditoria, save for IMAX, and it’s only fairly recently that they’ve commissioned IMAX screens themselves, the first being at Cheshire Oaks (2015.)
Dolby Vision might gain more traction in the UK now that Odeon & UCI Cinemas Group has been acquired by AMC; I think it might have a UK launch at the remodelled Odeon Leicester Square.
Alas, I’m sorry to say that I can’t provide a more definitive answer than the above, but clearly operators are investing in UK sites.
Visited Vue West End Screen 5 today for a screening of “Jurassic World—Fallen Kingdom,” a film that might be described as well assembled but… that’s about all I can positively say about it.
However, I wasn’t there to see a throughly unnecessary franchise installment, but rather to attend a screening that would give the sound system to have a good workout, and I wasn’t disappointed.
I’m pleased to report that the tabs were used as was the moveable masking. The tabs were closed until a few minutes before the programme started, and on opening essentially a “slide show” was presented. (Vue marketing material etc.)
Alas, there was no non-sync music before or during the “slide show”, and at this time leakage, presumably from Screen 7, could be heard, predominantly LFE, although IMO this was considerably less irritating than the popcorn munching and other concession consumption-related activity by other patrons!
All “scope” format content before the main feature was letterboxed rather than full width.
All auditorium lighting was progressively dimmed/turned off towards the main feature, with the ceiling downlights ultimately at very low levels.
Unfortunately, all lighting was instantly raised to “house light” level as soon as the credits started! Perhaps 20 seconds after the main feature ended, the masking was moved back, and (IIRC) then the tabs closed.
The sidewall LED strips (presumably adhered to metal extrusions with diffusers attached) are, I think, amber-red rather than red; they do suffer from discontinuities as there were slight gaps between diffuser sections, and in my view they aren’t bright enough.
Despite having a dual projector system, the presentation was 2D, with a 3D screening over in Screen 6 (single projector, 7.1 audio only.) Perhaps that says something about the demand for 3D these days but most displeasing in my view as I would have preferred a 3D screening.
Sony Finity and Atmos trailers were played before the main feature, and there was also an audio announcement (blank screen) boasting of the excellence of the “All-new Vue West End!”
The picture quality from the Sony Finity SRX-R515DS dual projection system was very good, achieving good brightness, with uniformity across the screen as well as colour rendition, and the two projectors seemed to be perfectly aligned. Black levels could have been deeper and there was some clipping at low levels, and there was a very obvious barrel distortion towards the bottom of the screen, although it was only really noticeable with text (e.g. end credits.)
The Atmos system, with Dolby SLS speakers, which use ribbon tweeters, achieved very good sound quality. LFE was at times seat “shaking” and extended, and the sound was generally exceptionally clean and well balanced with extended high frequencies.
Stereo imaging was outstanding although I’m not sure whether the Atmos mix of “Jurassic World-Fallen Kingdom” used the overhead panning to the fullest extent, but Vue’s trailer certainly showed off the full surround capability (N.B. Unlike the version I’ve linked to, “DISCOVER DOLBY ATMOS” was the relevant caption used in this instead of “DISCOVER DOLBY AUDIO.”)
I should add that, in view of the relatively smaller screen size by today’s standards, I chose to sit towards the front, thus not being in the best location to experience the surround elements of the mix. On that subject, width-wise the screen size was fine in that location, although I have become used to the taller formats.
That said, I suspect the main feature was played at somewhat less than reference level. Peak levels were quite loud but did seem to suffer from headroom limitations; the LFE was never really visceral beyond “shaking” the seating, and when really pushed, mid and high frequencies became harsh, with an overall loss of clarity and separation.
Air conditioning was very good although the auditorium was slightly hot when I first entered, but filtered and dehumidified air was just what was needed today. (I don’t cope well in “warm” weather!)
Quibbles aside I must say I’m very impressed, Screen 5 is an excellent auditorium worthy of a West End flagship.
The foyer/lobby areas, as well as Screen 5, of the Vue West End look to be in excellent condition, and all parts of the cinema that I visited were absolutely spotless.
I’d better stop there before I collapse in front of my keyboard (!)—photos to follow.
I spoke to someone outside the OLS today who informed me that they plan to reopen by the end of the year but this isn’t a certainty.
As far as I could tell from outside, the circle foyer’s false ceiling has now been completely removed. The front balcony structure has been removed, and the paving above the external area that had been dug up has been reinstated.
Signs for 8build (responsible for strip-out and enabling works) have been removed and signs for GF Holding can now be seen, who are, according to their website, “specialist fit-out and building contractors.” Other projects they have worked on include the Eventim Apollo Hammersmith, the Empire (Leicester Square) Casino, and the Plaza Stockport.
In other words, the project has, presumably, moved onto the next phase.
I’m not aware of any Auro 11.1 auditoria in the UK, although I can’t say I’ve gone to any particular effort to find them, and Barco now offer AuroMax which, like Dolby Atmos, is object-based.
As you may know, Irish chain Omniplex Cinemas are, like Empire Cinemas, an Anderson-family owned business. Omniplex Maxx, which is the subject of your second link, is their “premium large format” brand which might be considered to be a sibling of Empire’s IMPACT screens, albeit superficially different to reflect their own house style, but it’s easy to spot the similarities, including seating.
IIRC those Omniplex MAXX auditoria that had Auro 11.1 installations have been or will be upgraded to Dolby Atmos, and more recent MAXX screens are having Atmos systems installed.
Thanks again for taking the time to share such a detailed reply.
You’re welcome, thanks also for your long reply. :–)
My friend who I visit in that area can’t stand trailers (I’ve always enjoyed watching them myself, after all, it is often based on the strength of a good trailer that I decide if I wish to watch a particular movie at the cinema or wait for the home release)
I do find it odd that someone would flat out refuse to sit through trailers? In my view there should be a whole sequence of “pre-show” elements extending from the entrance (or even before the entrance), through the foyer… and the trailers would certainly form part of that sequence. At least they’re all on YouTube in good quality these days…
That link to the Empire cinema in Ipswich is awesome. Wish all cinemas offered something similar online as it reveals so much more information than what can be found on the majority of their websites. Let’s face it most seem to merely be a portal for online bookings and very little else!
It’s great, I particularly like the “Dollhouse” mode where you can see the whole complex in 3D.
Empire Cinemas have generally been better than others at posting auditoria details on their site but they’re still very patchy. Their site used to have an excellent 360deg photo of Empire 1; I found the file from the page source and downloaded the software needed to view it. :–)
I’ll see if I can manage to take a photo of the very large rear IMAX speakers so you can perhaps identify the exact type/model. They are the largest surround speakers I can recall seeing in any auditorium recently, perhaps ever
Thanks, that would be great. :–)
I did walk into the IMAX screen at Cineworld, Stevenage after watching Justice League in 4DX there just to see the size of the auditorium. It is probably the smallest IMAX screen I’ve seen and certainly not one I’d pay to watch a movie on!
Not sure how big the Stevenage IMAX is? It does get into the difficult question of what makes an IMAX an IMAX. Obviously absolute screen size is part of it but it’s also about the geometry of the auditorium and in particular relative distance to screen width and height from seats.
Looking forward to checking out the new IMAX screen at Cineworld, Watford in a few months. The only other two IMAX screens in the UK that I wouldn’t mind checking out at some point if ever in the areas would be Vue, Manchester Printworks (previously owned by Odeon) and Cineworld, Sheffield which is the only other current IMAX with Laser in the UK other than Cineworld ‘Empire’, Leicester Square.
Of the IMAX formats the only one you’re missing is OMNIMAX—I went to one in the US a couple of times.
Couldn’t see any date mentioned or whether these possible plans have since been scrapped after Empire Cinemas spent £7m totally refurbishing what was old Odeon 9-screen cinema on the Leisure World (now renamed to Jarman Place) site?
Having estimated a 90ft.+ wide screen for the Auditorium 1, with an almost 9000sq.ft. auditorium, I checked satellite imagery of the existing site, and based on this the scale on the floorplan I’m looking at (Proposed Second Floor—the third link marked “Proposed Floor Plan” in the planning application documents page) is out by a factor of 2!
With this corrected scale, the proposed Auditorium 1 I’d estimate to be a slightly more than 14m deep by 14m wide, giving a possible screen width of 45ft or so in a 2000sq.ft. auditorium. I counted about 140 seats, with larger seats in the last two rows.
Given that it doesn’t seem to have anything much in the way of a unique offer in an already well-served catchment area, it’s hard to see this scheme as viable at this stage?
Spoke to Andre Mort a bunch of times in the past as he often spent time visiting the UCI Wycombe 6 (now an 8-screen Empire cinema) site which was my local cinema for many years.
I seem to recall reading somewhere that Empire Cinemas had some technical facilities there for testing/configuring new gear, etc. Would you be kind enough to share anything interesting he said to you? :–)
“Across the Sea of Time (New York in 3D)” had the most stunning picture I’d ever seen—with the water in the foreground, it was almost like reality (as you’d have no chance of seeing in person) stretched out in front of you.
Of course, that was my impression relative to everything else at the time and I expect I’d now consider it disappointing!
I’m sure that I saw some other features there but I can’t remember which ones.
When the Pepsi Trocadero IMAX first opened, IMAX seemed to have sent over their own people, as the pre-show announcement was, IIRC, by a Canadian.
The active shutter headsets were superior to the polarised 3D system in the BFI and although the Pepsi Trocadero IMAX screen was smaller, I actually preferred it. Alas, it seems there are no pictures of the auditorium available anywhere.
It seemed ridiculous that, not even 18 months after the Pepsi Trocadero IMAX opened, the BFI IMAX was completed, having been built at considerable expense with Lottery funding. However, with hindsight it’s proven to be very successful and a lasting monument to large format cinema (even if it could now use a bit of a makeover.) The IMAX PSE active shutter headsets are long discontinued and I can’t imagine they are still being used in any IMAX today.
LARGE_screen_format: I never did visit “Alien War,“ but I remember a magazine article on it; they were using 21” Fane Collosus drivers for subbass!
I did visit “Imaginator” and some of the “rides” at “Sega World,” although I’m not really sure why I bothered. They were all very forgettable, but I think that they all comprised short features front projected with moving seating (à la 4DX seats.)
As there were originally plans to build two IMPACT screens, each would have had another monicker to differentiate them, Blue and Red. AFAIK that’s all that these two colours meant. There was never any IMPACT Luxe signage that I saw.
Ah! That makes sense—it was IMPACT LUXE that, now that you mention it, I had been thinking of as far as luxury seating goes. (I hadn’t read the Cinema Treasures text.)
As for sound quality, I was deeply disappointed with the Dolby Atmos system in IMPACT Blue.
Thanks for your thoughts on the sound system in that auditorium. I wasn’t really thinking of Atmos in terms of rear/overhead use, so much as particularly an overall clean uncoloured sound, including the screen speakers as they use a number of ribbon tweeters rather than the usual horn-loaded mid/high frequency sections which are prone to colouration.
The rears also use this configuration:
Empire Cinemas Ipswich 3D Tour – Select “Floorplan” – They can be seen in any of the IMPACT auditoria photos but most clearly in the second IMPACT Luxe photo—line array of cone drivers with line array of ribbon tweeters in front.
I’d imagine a similar installation in the Hemel Hempstead Superscreen?
Now either the sound mixers on each of these movies have chosen not to use the overhead channels or the volume level has been set far too low?
Use of overheads does depend on the film and sometimes it does seem that the Atmos mix is an afterthought, plus it’s an aesthetic choice whether to place too much strong directional audio rather than ambience away from the screen.
They look similar to photos of IMAX Kappa(?) speakers at Cineworld ‘Empire’ Leicester Square that were in one of the links you posted.
Those are IMAX’s “Project Kanga” speakers; it’s very difficult these days to find any information on them—there are a few links still floating around the web but they lead to pages which no longer exist (and can’t be retrieved from web.archive.org either!)
They were intended for full size IMAX “GT” auditoria.
Most of the smaller IMAX Digital auditoria seem to use what looks like a scaled down version of them; not sure if they’re the IMAX “MPX” speakers that were IIRC originally designed around the same time for the “MPX” 15/70 system designed to fit into retrofitted venues.
The back row in the centre section is slightly behind these speakers and as they are front firing you totally miss out on hearing most, if not all of the sound.
Alas this situation is far from unique, and it’s perhaps surprising that it should those seats should be considered acceptable for IMAX presentations (or in THX certified auditoria for that matter.)
The old Empire 1 (the THX certified system from 2006) actually had two seats of rear speakers, one at booth level, the other on the rear wall underneath the ceiling below booth level, with the two sets time aligned.
Even then, sitting right at the back of the circle/stadia would have been a highly compromised location.
You can’t even see the speakers from there as the ceiling above you must be the floor of the projection booth above. Not a very good design imo hose seats should be heavily reduced in price or simply should not exist.
Although IMAX and others like to claim wide sweet spots, there are inevitably plenty of seats which are totally useless for anyone seeking the best presentation quality possible.
I always pre-book centre of row seats and never at the very back of the auditorium. However, many patrons just don’t know or apparently care. ;–) This can become particularly irritating if you happen to be attending a screening with such individuals as rolling eyes tends to be their response when it is indicated to them that the sound would be ruined in their choice of seats. :–(
A more serious problem is very odd shaped rear arrays, e.g. where some rear speakers are placed on the rear wall and others on top of an entrance/exit area protruding into the auditorium! In such conditions there’s no “sweet spot.”
the leather seating in the IMAX auditorium still have Empire Cinemas embroidered into the backs.
Good grief. They were changed from “EMPIRE CINEMAS” to “PEPSI MAX / IMAX” logos in the Empire Leicester Square IMAX not long after opening! Cineworld do seem to suffer from corporate interia at times.
How much of Empire Cinemas' interior finishes remain in the various auditoria?
joeswin: I think you could try uploading it to Dropbox or other file hosting service?
Thanks for the information on the Westminster Archives. :–)
CF100
commented about
BFI IMAXon
Jun 6, 2018 at 4:00 pm
LARGE_screen_format:
The video you linked to above showing the installation of the IMAX projector at The Empire, Leicester Square mentions the screen weight of 215kg.
So it does. :–)
Just doing a quick Google search, Harkness (for instance) say their screens weigh 0.5kg/m2, so:
Cineworld (Empire) Leicester Square IMAX – 26.5mx15.6m = 413.4 m2 – at 0.5kg/m2 around 200kg or so and therefore about the same as the weight quoted in the video.
The extra height of the BFI would add about another 50kg, so I suspect the 800kg figure is erroneous.
IMAX with Laser rollout has been very slow and it will be interesting to see if Watford gets it at opening.
Cineworld have just signed an agreement for a number of IMAX with Laser installations (for new and existing sites) and I expect that this mostly relates to the scaled down version that IMAX have said they will provide for smaller venues rather than the existing design for full size/classic “Grand Theatre” IMAXs. The Xenon-based IMAX Digital projectors will work fine with an 80ft. screen, though.
Not surprised by your comments on the Vue Watford! I suspect Vue won’t throw capex at it but if they do then perhaps luxury seating would be a good route for them to take.
I expect Cineworld Watford will cover a few hours of free parking, but not enough to cover seeing multiple features in one session—but perhaps you could leave the car park and reenter it to get another ticket for validation?!
IMAX Corp. also holds patents on “theatre geometry.”
Therefore, I’m not sure if Cineworld’s Superscreens “can” be the “same” as IMPACT auditoria, excepting the ones they’ve inherited from Empire Cinemas. Certainly most (or all?) “premium large format” auditoria I’ve looked at have the last row considerably further away from the screen in relation to the screen’s width.
Not sure exactly what “IMPACT Blue” means? My impression was that it related to luxury seating vs. the “regular” “IMPACT” screens.
The above linked press release is about the Hemel Hempstead IMPACT screen (as it was then), it looks like Christie Vive line array speakers were installed, so your views on the sound quality achieved would be of interest?
Also, notice it says “The IMPACT screen uses Empire Cinema’s patented IMPACT design…”
CF100
commented about
BFI IMAXon
Jun 5, 2018 at 5:35 pm
Thanks so much CF100 for the detailed reply and comparison of projection and sound systems at BFI IMAX and Cineworld ‘Empire’ Leicester Square.
You’re welcome. :–)
On top of the fact that most Marvel movies seem to have been colour regraded to look flat, perhaps the lower resolution of 3D at BFI IMAX without an IMAX with Laser system contributed to the picture looking so dull?
Resolution shouldn’t affect that. OTOH e.g. better contrast does yield improved perceived resolution.
The (Xenon lamp) IMAX Digital projectors used at the BFI might be previous generation; whilst IMAX just brand all the projectors as “IMAX Digital” the internals do change. Maybe the lamps are due for replacement soon? The use of polarisation for 3D doesn’t help either.
Have watched that BritishFilmInstitute youtube video before. There’s a brief glimpse of a row of rocker-style switches labelled audio channels 1 to 6 followed by a switch for Sub 1&2 and then another for Sub 3&4. Surely they are for subwoofers (LFE channel)?
I did visit the booth at the BFI IMAX a few years ago, I vaguely remember asking the projectionist about them but I’ve forgotten his response! Incidentally, the booth was absolutely spotless.
They state the new (current) BFI IMAX screen weighed 800kg yet the Empire, Leicester Square IMAX screen only weighed 215kg. That’s some difference considering the screen widths are almost identical and the BFI screen is only approximately 5m taller than the Leicester Square one.
I see the 800kg figure on the BFI site; where did you get the figure for the Cineworld (Empire) Leicester Square?
The BFI screen was coated in situ with silver paint for 3D, the Leicester Square one wasn’t as the laser projection system doesn’t use polarisation for 3D.
In a few months (Aug 2018?) a brand new 9-screen (40,000 sq ft and 1,500 seats) Cineworld cinema is opening in Watford which will include an IMAX high definition screen seating 450. Plan to check that out as soon as it opens. It’s not far from Cineworld (previously an Empire Cinema) in Hemel Hempstead which is the IMAX cinema that I have visited the most over the past couple of years.
Thank you for the info, I wasn’t aware that the old Charter Place shopping centre next to intu Watford was finally being redone, it’s been floating around as a proposal for years.
Looking at the “APPROVED PROPOSED CINEMA LEVEL 2 PLAN” document, Auditorium 1 is the largest; 433 seats. Screen width I’d estimate to be as much as 80ft.!
Wonder what will happen to the Vue Watford? The area might at risk of becoming overscreened albeit Auditoria 4-9 in the above linked plans aren’t very big.
The only time I can recall seeing a presentation with an SDDS soundtrack used was “Bad Boys” in Screen 7 at the Warner West End.
I don’t think the film used all 8 tracks and I don’t think Screen 7 had 5 screen speakers for the left centre/right centre channels either.
It worked fine and I didn’t notice any dropouts, which was a major concern as the SDDS data was stored at the edges of the film strip. I did like the SDDS trailer.
As for how it compared to the other formats, it would be impossible to meaningfully compare subtle differences between lossy formats under those conditions.
The SDDS decoder was an interesting device for that time, e.g. it had onboard DSP processing including digital EQ.
SDDS used Sony’s ATRAC lossy compression system. I still have an old Sony MiniDisc (ATRAC was also used for MD) recorder lying around somewhere (probably at the back of the loft!) which I thought worked well at the time (late 1990s) but since then I’ve trained myself to be very sensitive to the artifacts of lossy audio compression systems. ATRAC itself went through various versions and the encoder quality is critical with any lossy compression system.
In the early days of online music stores and applications (e.g. iTunes), I installed Sony’s Connect store/software on my PC, which as well as selling ATRAC encoded content could extract (aka “rip”) audio off CDs and then reduce the file size using its ATRAC encoder.
No idea how this compared to professional encoders used for theatrical releases or the ones found in consumer MiniDisc recorders but it certainly couldn’t compete with a good AAC or even MP3 encode. Audible artifacts and dulling of high frequencies.
Indeed THX are still around in the home theatre world, although I haven’t really followed what they’re doing these days. The brand did get tarnished once it started being slapped on Sound Blaster soundcards and low quality multimedia speakers!
Alas my own home cinema (front projection with custom speakers—Electro-Voice subwoofers and satellites fitted with coaxial bass/mids using HF compression drivers) and the room it was in were destroyed by a leak a few years ago. You really don’t want to hear the rest of the sorry story, but it will be put back sooner or later. :–(
LARGE_screen_format: You’re very welcome, glad you liked my posts! :–)
I don’t think there are any THX-certified locations in the UK and there aren’t many left worldwide.
When THX was formed in 1983, there was a great need to improve sound in cinemas and get it closer to the then current state of the art.
Many venues had problems with excessive reverberation times (older ones in particular) and poor isolation (new build multiplexes or subdivided older venues (low cost “drop-wall” conversions and the like.)) Dolby Stereo had brought 4 channel matrixed sound to 35mm optical tracks but venues were just sticking in the Dolby Stereo decoder and adding surrounds with the old Altec Voice of the Theatre screen speakers still there, in whatever condition they were in by then.
THX venues would also feature baffle walls with flush mounted screen speakers (though there was nothing stopping non-THX venues from building them!) and the THX crossover/monitor unit.
Not only is the crossover/monitor unit a long discontinued product but it’s useless for modern 3-way screen speakers, let alone the emerging line array systems, and digital active crossovers that can be configured to do the same thing are available, so it’s not needed.
THX certification per se isn’t really an absolute guarantee of excellence.
Although the flagship venues clearly had attention to detail paid to them, that didn’t mean all THX venues sounded that good.
For example, there were 2 THX certified screens at the Hoyts multiplex in the Bluewater Shopping Centre (now a Showcase); they didn’t really sounded any different to any other run of the mill multiplex of the time (late 1990s), i.e. medicore.
Whereas e.g. the mid-2000s THX certified system in the old Empire 1 was amazing.
The IMAX Digital system has “21st Century” quality control included as the system is automatically checked and re-calibrated every day and the picture is constantly monitored by cameras in the auditorium, plus all installations are monitored by their Network Operations Centre in Mississauga.
Whereas THX only requires annual reinspections.
THX certification of cinemas didn’t really gain much traction in the UK; I heard that this was partially due to political reasons. On a worldwide basis I think operators started to drop it after the 35mm digital sound formats became commonplace—which makes sense since they could e.g. advertise “digital sound,” put the Dolby Digital logo above the entrance, and play the trailer. With DTS and SDDS out there as well, the average patron was probably confused by the “acronym soup”!
THX Ltd. has gone through changes of ownership and various directions over the years; they are now launching a new system to compete with Dolby Cinema and IMAX (which on the face of it doesn’t sound like a sensible move to me but there we are.)
From my recollection from the “JBL at the Movies” publication referenced in my previous comment, the specification was:
-Usual THX-certified JBL speakers (4675C main screen speakers, 4645B subwoofers, 8330 surrounds [about 16 IIRC]
-THX crossover/monitor.
-QSC amplification.
-Dolby Digital/DTS in both screens, SDDS also in Screen 7.
They did sound very good indeed (although I might temper this by saying relative to expectations at that time!) and there was some mention in that publication of specific work that had gone into the acoustics for the venue. In any case, I always thought the acoustics were very good and it doesn’t suffer from the parallel walls and very early sidewall reflections from the left/right screen speakers which happen with the typical “box” auditorium with wall-to-wall screens.
The only problem was that it didn’t really have enough LFE capability for the digital formats.
As THX certified auditoria, they also had to have good acoustic isolation—you could only hear leakage of peak LFE levels if the auditorium you were in was quiet.
The rest of the auditoria all had JBL speakers as well and they also all sounded good. Of course, many other venues were using similar equipment then, so it does demonstrate that getting all the details right (incuding system alignment/calibration and real projectionists to run film-based shows) makes all the difference.
To clarify: The VUE West End in its current form opened as the Warner West End (the plaque from the 1993 re-opening post-rebuilt is still embedded in the pavement outside)—the “Village” name was appended later when there was a joint venture between WB and Village Roadshow Pictures.
I’ve seen a number of comments on the Web suggesting that the “Village” suffix was something to do with a “village” of multiplex screens, which wasn’t the case!
To add to MovieGeek2013’s comment, as a UCI operated location the Empire LSQ wouled usually get all the major UIP-distributed releases.
Not sure who makes the decisions on what movies can be shown by which cinema in Leicester Square
Some years ago, I went for a meal at a Garfunkel’s Restaurant just off the square, and a couple of individuals sat at the adjacent table were having an impromptu meeting about which of the West End cinemas to place a number of upcoming movies.
About every 5 minutes one of the waiters would ask them if they were ready to order yet (which they never did.)
I wish I could say that I gained some profound insight into the machinations of film distribution, but the level of discussion was more like “the kids will go for that one!”
That makes sense regarding how each cinema on Leicester Square, back in the 80’s and 90’s, would work out which movies they would be showing and why all cinemas were not showing the same movies at the same time.
As I understood it, at least for the opening weeks, there was some sort of agreement that only one cinema operator in Leicester Square could book each title.
Empire Cinemas had a hard time getting bookings for LSQ, even after the IMAX opened.
This no longer seems to be the case.
I must say how disappointed I am with the lack of information that can be found online regarding the actual sizes of cinema screens.
VUE West End Screens 5/7 were, IIRC, said to have 40ft. wide screens in the “JBL at the Movies” promotional supplement that was published on behalf of Harman (JBL’s parent company) by Dennis Publishing and came with an edition of “Home Cinema Choice” and also put out as promotional blurb by Harman. I have half a dozen copies of it somewhere!
Screen 5 has a screen width of 13.1m/43ft. (by the chord) according to UNICK Architects' current licensing plans. (Dimension is actually written on the plans = 13145mm.)
Presumably the same width for Screen 7.
Screen 6 I’d estimate from the licensing plans to be a bit under 30ft.
Screen 8 and Screen 9 also have screen dimensions marked on the plans, Screen 8 is unreadable (it’s a bit smaller than Screen 9) and Screen 9 is 7.7m (actually 7744mm!) or about 25ft. wide.
I wouldn’t bother with the four basement screens (1-4) as they don’t have adequate isolation and screens are off-centre, but FYI for Screens 1/¾ I estimate the screens widths to be about 25-26ft., Screen 2 about 22ft. wide.
Screen 5 auditorium — about 21m from screen to last row, or about 1.6x screen width. The auditorium is about 23m wide max., therefore its total area is about 5000sq.ft. (Again ditto or approximately ditto for its sibling situated above, Screen 7.)
Although it’s unlikely that an auditorium with between 350 and 550 seats will have an average sized screen, it’s not easy to gauge the size of the screen when it has a small number of luxury recliner seats and/or sofas etc as is the case in a number of different cinemas.
Indeed seat count doesn’t have a such a strong relationship to the auditorium size these days. It’s also about the auditorium geometry and relative screen size—I’ll discuss this further in another post.
Do they think that regular moviegoers are not interested in this information […]?
If they do, they would probably be correct. ;–)
Cinema operators have, at least as long as I can remember, almost always been dreadful about disseminating details of the audio/projection system spec. The fact that the information they do provide is often limited, sometimes erroneous or odd suggests technical illiteracy rather than a conspiracy!
If you can find the plans for the cinema (often available to download as part of their entertainment/alcohol license) then you can estimate the screen width for yourself (also relative to the auditorium size and layout.)
You will sometimes find more detailed specifications in Cinema Technology Today (formerly Cinema Technology Magazine) if a new or upgraded venue is the subject of one of their articles, albeit it’s undergone a change of ownership and revamp and only a limited selection of archived back issues are currently available on their website.
Reestimating the screen width from the above linked licensing plans, the 4DX screen is as much as 50ft. wide.
LARGE_screen_format:
The rest of my reply:
Alas, I never did get there (in the early to mid 90s) as I was a teenager at the time and when I asked my Father “Where’s High Wycombe?” the response was “Miles away…”! (Read: “No, I don’t want to go for a jaunt around the M25 just to go to the cinema…”)
I suppose there might have been a window of opportunity that I missed after I’d learnt to drive.
Alas so. I’ve told this story previously on Cinema Treasures but I might as well repeat it here: I remember the first time I went to a screen with no masking or tabs, it was an AMC in the American Midwest, where I was staying with some local people. When I complained about the lack of tabs, they said “Curtains? Aren’t they old fashioned?!”
Digital projection will produce clean edges although if there is severe geometric distortion then those edges would be curved instead of straight. There can be a problem if the image requires “overscanning” because the side edges have unwanted content or aren’t always filled, which occurred with “Avengers: Infinity War” when I recently saw it in the Cineworld (Empire) Leicester Square 4DX. But then this could be fixed by performing the “overscanning” digitally, i.e. slightly upsampling the picture and cropping it, although I have to ask why it wasn’t resolved in post-production?
It does enhance the perceived contrast and also removes light scattering from the unmasked screen area which return back to the filled out, causing a subtle “wash out.” An auditorium with black coloured finishes also helps in this respect.
Corrections:
The suspended ceilings in Screen 5/7 appear to be the same as they were prior to the refurbishment, only with tiles removed where overhead speakers are hung.
“the bass and midrange drivers do use cone surrounds” –> “the bass and midrange drivers do use FOAM surrounds.”
“Not sure how levels would be adjusted in an automated digital projection environment?” –> “Not sure whether levels would be adjusted on the basis of auditorium fill in an automated digital projection environment?”
To be uncharitable—but not entirely unfair—it might be said the only thing Vue did to this cinema (other than a sale and leaseback!) for a very long time was gradually let it fall to bits…
…but then, in 2017, all “public” areas were completely refurbished at a cost of ~£6.7m (as stated in Vue’s publicity.) This was covered in a Cinema Technology Magazine article on p82 of the September 2017 edition and I also posted several comments in relation to this on Cinema Treasures.
To recap:
Here’s a couple of photos of Screen 7 as it was before the 2017 refurbishment:
Photo 1.
Photo 2.
Photo of Screen 6 towards the end of the refurbishment. A driverless subwoofer cabinet can be seen!
Good question. When I said that I sat “towards the front,” I really meant the front row—which I had all to myself!
The first row in Screen 5, going by the licensing plans, I’d estimate to be about 0.6x screen width distance from the screen. Relatively speaking, this would relate to about row E at the Cineworld (Empire) Leicester Square IMAX, which is a couple of rows ahead of what I’d regard as the sweet spot in that auditorium.
Trouble is that the stepping isn’t as steep as more recent multiplexes and as was pointed out by someone else on Cinema Treasures the seating isn’t staggered so you might risk the screen being obscured, but this aside I think Row D might work well. Recalling that IMAX calls for no greater a seating distance than 1x screen width, this is altogether too far from the screen (I’d estimate just under the screen width away) but better placed for the rears/overheads.
Thinking about it, Row C might be a better choice, as (for the centre seating section) the next row are recliners, thus hopefully resolving the screen obstruction issue.
Also, Row C or D would probably relate to where I’ve sat in Screens 5 or 7 many times before the 2017 refurbishment.
But this is a somewhat arbitrary recommendation on my part—Dolby’s Atmos guidelines/manuals are likely to specify which location is to be optimised in terms of levels, time alignment, etc.
I’ve seen the Vue trailer at other locations (such as Vue Westfield London (Shepherd’s Bush)) and I wasn’t impressed on those occasions but it was certainly very impressive this time—and, yes, embarrassingly far better than the movie itself!
LOL. Thanks, I like detail and precision. :–) Having said that, this “cinema obsession” is a curse—maybe it would be better if I could just “relax and enjoy the film” rather than report writing in my head for a later brain dump!
It was an early evening performance, when I entered the auditorium it was almost empty. There were other patrons in the row behind, so I didn’t want to keep turning my head around to see how busy it was but I did get out of my seat once the end credits started and it looked fairly busy though not packed.
Not sure how levels would be adjusted in an automated digital projection environment?
By “not reference level” I mean quite a bit lower, not just a slight adjustment down.
Incidentally, IMAX Digital systems do allow the operator to adjust away from reference level but this is presumably to allow for specific screenings. IIRC if it’s left there IMAX’s Network Operations Centre will soon be in contact to ask why it’s not been set back to reference level!
But I’ve certainly attended screenings in near-empty non-IMAX auditoria where the levels must have been well over 120dB peak with enough LFE level to shake teeth loose—although understandably that’s not to everyone’s taste!
Sleep is now due, so replying to the rest of your post is to follow.
Zappomatic: Interesting that you didn’t find the projection brightness to be inadequate; hopefully this has indeed been rectified as the projection seemed underspecified!
How did you find it compared to the Wandsworth 4DX, including picture/sound/4DX effects, and did you find that the 4DX effects had been programmed to work effectively with “Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom”?
It turns out that 4DX actually have several versions* of their system with “premium” variants for additional types of “Environmental Effects” and enhanced “Motion Chair Effects” options.
(*At the time of posting this comment, in the “4DX THEATERS” section of this page, with PRIME/PRO/STANDARD/ECONOMY options and respective “Motion Chair Effects” and “Environmental Effects” capabilities listed for each.)
Regarding the structural aspects of the conversion, I’m not sure what you mean by visible beams, save for those used to suspend the 4DX gear?
I suppose I’ll now have to consider getting an “Unlimited” card as seeing a film in all available formats is an absurdly costly proposition for a cinema trip—even allowing for inflation, almost 10x times the cost of a ticket for a weekday matinee performance at Empire 1 in the 1990s!
LARGE_screen_format:
As I alluded to in my previous post, I don’t think a lack of Auro 11.1 locations is overly concerning as it’s superseded and Atmos rollout is ongoing.
From my point of view, there are 3 Atmos locations within 20 minutes' drive of where I reside, plus getting to the West End is also trivial, even if in recent years finding the time (to go to any cinema) hasn’t been!
Regarding Dolby Vision, I’d guess there are political factors, pre-existing contracts, and so on to consider.
For example, Vue uses Sony projectors in all auditoria, save for IMAX, and it’s only fairly recently that they’ve commissioned IMAX screens themselves, the first being at Cheshire Oaks (2015.)
Dolby Vision might gain more traction in the UK now that Odeon & UCI Cinemas Group has been acquired by AMC; I think it might have a UK launch at the remodelled Odeon Leicester Square.
Alas, I’m sorry to say that I can’t provide a more definitive answer than the above, but clearly operators are investing in UK sites.
P.S. You might like to read a feature on LED direct view cinema screens in Cinema Technology Today.
Oops, forgot to link to the Vue trailer that was played yesterday.
Visited Vue West End Screen 5 today for a screening of “Jurassic World—Fallen Kingdom,” a film that might be described as well assembled but… that’s about all I can positively say about it.
However, I wasn’t there to see a throughly unnecessary franchise installment, but rather to attend a screening that would give the sound system to have a good workout, and I wasn’t disappointed.
I’m pleased to report that the tabs were used as was the moveable masking. The tabs were closed until a few minutes before the programme started, and on opening essentially a “slide show” was presented. (Vue marketing material etc.)
Alas, there was no non-sync music before or during the “slide show”, and at this time leakage, presumably from Screen 7, could be heard, predominantly LFE, although IMO this was considerably less irritating than the popcorn munching and other concession consumption-related activity by other patrons!
All “scope” format content before the main feature was letterboxed rather than full width.
All auditorium lighting was progressively dimmed/turned off towards the main feature, with the ceiling downlights ultimately at very low levels.
Unfortunately, all lighting was instantly raised to “house light” level as soon as the credits started! Perhaps 20 seconds after the main feature ended, the masking was moved back, and (IIRC) then the tabs closed.
The sidewall LED strips (presumably adhered to metal extrusions with diffusers attached) are, I think, amber-red rather than red; they do suffer from discontinuities as there were slight gaps between diffuser sections, and in my view they aren’t bright enough.
Despite having a dual projector system, the presentation was 2D, with a 3D screening over in Screen 6 (single projector, 7.1 audio only.) Perhaps that says something about the demand for 3D these days but most displeasing in my view as I would have preferred a 3D screening.
Sony Finity and Atmos trailers were played before the main feature, and there was also an audio announcement (blank screen) boasting of the excellence of the “All-new Vue West End!”
The picture quality from the Sony Finity SRX-R515DS dual projection system was very good, achieving good brightness, with uniformity across the screen as well as colour rendition, and the two projectors seemed to be perfectly aligned. Black levels could have been deeper and there was some clipping at low levels, and there was a very obvious barrel distortion towards the bottom of the screen, although it was only really noticeable with text (e.g. end credits.)
The Atmos system, with Dolby SLS speakers, which use ribbon tweeters, achieved very good sound quality. LFE was at times seat “shaking” and extended, and the sound was generally exceptionally clean and well balanced with extended high frequencies.
Stereo imaging was outstanding although I’m not sure whether the Atmos mix of “Jurassic World-Fallen Kingdom” used the overhead panning to the fullest extent, but Vue’s trailer certainly showed off the full surround capability (N.B. Unlike the version I’ve linked to, “DISCOVER DOLBY ATMOS” was the relevant caption used in this instead of “DISCOVER DOLBY AUDIO.”)
I should add that, in view of the relatively smaller screen size by today’s standards, I chose to sit towards the front, thus not being in the best location to experience the surround elements of the mix. On that subject, width-wise the screen size was fine in that location, although I have become used to the taller formats.
That said, I suspect the main feature was played at somewhat less than reference level. Peak levels were quite loud but did seem to suffer from headroom limitations; the LFE was never really visceral beyond “shaking” the seating, and when really pushed, mid and high frequencies became harsh, with an overall loss of clarity and separation.
Air conditioning was very good although the auditorium was slightly hot when I first entered, but filtered and dehumidified air was just what was needed today. (I don’t cope well in “warm” weather!)
Quibbles aside I must say I’m very impressed, Screen 5 is an excellent auditorium worthy of a West End flagship.
The foyer/lobby areas, as well as Screen 5, of the Vue West End look to be in excellent condition, and all parts of the cinema that I visited were absolutely spotless.
I’d better stop there before I collapse in front of my keyboard (!)—photos to follow.
I spoke to someone outside the OLS today who informed me that they plan to reopen by the end of the year but this isn’t a certainty.
As far as I could tell from outside, the circle foyer’s false ceiling has now been completely removed. The front balcony structure has been removed, and the paving above the external area that had been dug up has been reinstated.
Signs for 8build (responsible for strip-out and enabling works) have been removed and signs for GF Holding can now be seen, who are, according to their website, “specialist fit-out and building contractors.” Other projects they have worked on include the Eventim Apollo Hammersmith, the Empire (Leicester Square) Casino, and the Plaza Stockport.
In other words, the project has, presumably, moved onto the next phase.
LARGE_screen_format: From memory…
I’m not aware of any Auro 11.1 auditoria in the UK, although I can’t say I’ve gone to any particular effort to find them, and Barco now offer AuroMax which, like Dolby Atmos, is object-based.
As you may know, Irish chain Omniplex Cinemas are, like Empire Cinemas, an Anderson-family owned business. Omniplex Maxx, which is the subject of your second link, is their “premium large format” brand which might be considered to be a sibling of Empire’s IMPACT screens, albeit superficially different to reflect their own house style, but it’s easy to spot the similarities, including seating.
IIRC those Omniplex MAXX auditoria that had Auro 11.1 installations have been or will be upgraded to Dolby Atmos, and more recent MAXX screens are having Atmos systems installed.
Incidentally: Timelapse video of a MAXX auditorium build at Omniplex Banbridge.
(Can’t seem to find the Cinema Treasures page for that cinema to post the link on?)
LARGE_screen_format: Thanks for the link!
You’re welcome, thanks also for your long reply. :–)
I do find it odd that someone would flat out refuse to sit through trailers? In my view there should be a whole sequence of “pre-show” elements extending from the entrance (or even before the entrance), through the foyer… and the trailers would certainly form part of that sequence. At least they’re all on YouTube in good quality these days…
It’s great, I particularly like the “Dollhouse” mode where you can see the whole complex in 3D.
Empire Cinemas have generally been better than others at posting auditoria details on their site but they’re still very patchy. Their site used to have an excellent 360deg photo of Empire 1; I found the file from the page source and downloaded the software needed to view it. :–)
Thanks, that would be great. :–)
Not sure how big the Stevenage IMAX is? It does get into the difficult question of what makes an IMAX an IMAX. Obviously absolute screen size is part of it but it’s also about the geometry of the auditorium and in particular relative distance to screen width and height from seats.
IMAX and OMNIMAX Theatre Design – March 1983 SMPTE Journal.
Of the IMAX formats the only one you’re missing is OMNIMAX—I went to one in the US a couple of times.
According to an article in the Hollywood Reporter, the new IMAX with Laser system—aimed at smaller auditoria—costs $600,000-700,000.
Hmm, where was the £7m figure from?
Planning Application Received August 2017 (Granted.)
Having estimated a 90ft.+ wide screen for the Auditorium 1, with an almost 9000sq.ft. auditorium, I checked satellite imagery of the existing site, and based on this the scale on the floorplan I’m looking at (Proposed Second Floor—the third link marked “Proposed Floor Plan” in the planning application documents page) is out by a factor of 2!
With this corrected scale, the proposed Auditorium 1 I’d estimate to be a slightly more than 14m deep by 14m wide, giving a possible screen width of 45ft or so in a 2000sq.ft. auditorium. I counted about 140 seats, with larger seats in the last two rows.
Given that it doesn’t seem to have anything much in the way of a unique offer in an already well-served catchment area, it’s hard to see this scheme as viable at this stage?
I seem to recall reading somewhere that Empire Cinemas had some technical facilities there for testing/configuring new gear, etc. Would you be kind enough to share anything interesting he said to you? :–)
“Across the Sea of Time (New York in 3D)” had the most stunning picture I’d ever seen—with the water in the foreground, it was almost like reality (as you’d have no chance of seeing in person) stretched out in front of you.
Of course, that was my impression relative to everything else at the time and I expect I’d now consider it disappointing!
I’m sure that I saw some other features there but I can’t remember which ones.
When the Pepsi Trocadero IMAX first opened, IMAX seemed to have sent over their own people, as the pre-show announcement was, IIRC, by a Canadian.
The active shutter headsets were superior to the polarised 3D system in the BFI and although the Pepsi Trocadero IMAX screen was smaller, I actually preferred it. Alas, it seems there are no pictures of the auditorium available anywhere.
It seemed ridiculous that, not even 18 months after the Pepsi Trocadero IMAX opened, the BFI IMAX was completed, having been built at considerable expense with Lottery funding. However, with hindsight it’s proven to be very successful and a lasting monument to large format cinema (even if it could now use a bit of a makeover.) The IMAX PSE active shutter headsets are long discontinued and I can’t imagine they are still being used in any IMAX today.
Empire Magazine – Dec 1997 – “IMAX Cinema Opens in London”.
Page with some information on IMAX’s 15/70 digital sound formats and the PSE headsets.
LARGE_screen_format: I never did visit “Alien War,“ but I remember a magazine article on it; they were using 21” Fane Collosus drivers for subbass!
I did visit “Imaginator” and some of the “rides” at “Sega World,” although I’m not really sure why I bothered. They were all very forgettable, but I think that they all comprised short features front projected with moving seating (à la 4DX seats.)
LARGE_screen_format:
Ah! That makes sense—it was IMPACT LUXE that, now that you mention it, I had been thinking of as far as luxury seating goes. (I hadn’t read the Cinema Treasures text.)
Thanks for your thoughts on the sound system in that auditorium. I wasn’t really thinking of Atmos in terms of rear/overhead use, so much as particularly an overall clean uncoloured sound, including the screen speakers as they use a number of ribbon tweeters rather than the usual horn-loaded mid/high frequency sections which are prone to colouration.
The rears also use this configuration:
Empire Cinemas Ipswich 3D Tour – Select “Floorplan” – They can be seen in any of the IMPACT auditoria photos but most clearly in the second IMPACT Luxe photo—line array of cone drivers with line array of ribbon tweeters in front.
I’d imagine a similar installation in the Hemel Hempstead Superscreen?
Use of overheads does depend on the film and sometimes it does seem that the Atmos mix is an afterthought, plus it’s an aesthetic choice whether to place too much strong directional audio rather than ambience away from the screen.
Those are IMAX’s “Project Kanga” speakers; it’s very difficult these days to find any information on them—there are a few links still floating around the web but they lead to pages which no longer exist (and can’t be retrieved from web.archive.org either!)
They were intended for full size IMAX “GT” auditoria.
Most of the smaller IMAX Digital auditoria seem to use what looks like a scaled down version of them; not sure if they’re the IMAX “MPX” speakers that were IIRC originally designed around the same time for the “MPX” 15/70 system designed to fit into retrofitted venues.
Image of auditorium with smaller IMAX rear speakers.
Alas this situation is far from unique, and it’s perhaps surprising that it should those seats should be considered acceptable for IMAX presentations (or in THX certified auditoria for that matter.)
The old Empire 1 (the THX certified system from 2006) actually had two seats of rear speakers, one at booth level, the other on the rear wall underneath the ceiling below booth level, with the two sets time aligned.
Even then, sitting right at the back of the circle/stadia would have been a highly compromised location.
Although IMAX and others like to claim wide sweet spots, there are inevitably plenty of seats which are totally useless for anyone seeking the best presentation quality possible.
I always pre-book centre of row seats and never at the very back of the auditorium. However, many patrons just don’t know or apparently care. ;–) This can become particularly irritating if you happen to be attending a screening with such individuals as rolling eyes tends to be their response when it is indicated to them that the sound would be ruined in their choice of seats. :–(
A more serious problem is very odd shaped rear arrays, e.g. where some rear speakers are placed on the rear wall and others on top of an entrance/exit area protruding into the auditorium! In such conditions there’s no “sweet spot.”
Good grief. They were changed from “EMPIRE CINEMAS” to “PEPSI MAX / IMAX” logos in the Empire Leicester Square IMAX not long after opening! Cineworld do seem to suffer from corporate interia at times.
How much of Empire Cinemas' interior finishes remain in the various auditoria?
joeswin: Thank you very much for the upload, it does work. I’ve saved it to keep. :–)
joeswin: I think you could try uploading it to Dropbox or other file hosting service?
Thanks for the information on the Westminster Archives. :–)
LARGE_screen_format:
So it does. :–)
Just doing a quick Google search, Harkness (for instance) say their screens weigh 0.5kg/m2, so:
Cineworld (Empire) Leicester Square IMAX – 26.5mx15.6m = 413.4 m2 – at 0.5kg/m2 around 200kg or so and therefore about the same as the weight quoted in the video.
The extra height of the BFI would add about another 50kg, so I suspect the 800kg figure is erroneous.
IMAX with Laser rollout has been very slow and it will be interesting to see if Watford gets it at opening.
Cineworld have just signed an agreement for a number of IMAX with Laser installations (for new and existing sites) and I expect that this mostly relates to the scaled down version that IMAX have said they will provide for smaller venues rather than the existing design for full size/classic “Grand Theatre” IMAXs. The Xenon-based IMAX Digital projectors will work fine with an 80ft. screen, though.
Not surprised by your comments on the Vue Watford! I suspect Vue won’t throw capex at it but if they do then perhaps luxury seating would be a good route for them to take.
I expect Cineworld Watford will cover a few hours of free parking, but not enough to cover seeing multiple features in one session—but perhaps you could leave the car park and reenter it to get another ticket for validation?!
LARGE_screen_format: Thomas Anderson (“Benefical owner” of Empire Cinemas) holds a couple of patents on auditorium geometry.
Cinema structure and a method for constructing a cinema structure.
IMAX Corp. also holds patents on “theatre geometry.”
Therefore, I’m not sure if Cineworld’s Superscreens “can” be the “same” as IMPACT auditoria, excepting the ones they’ve inherited from Empire Cinemas. Certainly most (or all?) “premium large format” auditoria I’ve looked at have the last row considerably further away from the screen in relation to the screen’s width.
Not sure exactly what “IMPACT Blue” means? My impression was that it related to luxury seating vs. the “regular” “IMPACT” screens.
Christie adds Vive Audio Excellence to Luxury Empire Cinemas Screen.
The above linked press release is about the Hemel Hempstead IMPACT screen (as it was then), it looks like Christie Vive line array speakers were installed, so your views on the sound quality achieved would be of interest?
Also, notice it says “The IMPACT screen uses Empire Cinema’s patented IMPACT design…”
You’re welcome. :–)
Resolution shouldn’t affect that. OTOH e.g. better contrast does yield improved perceived resolution.
The (Xenon lamp) IMAX Digital projectors used at the BFI might be previous generation; whilst IMAX just brand all the projectors as “IMAX Digital” the internals do change. Maybe the lamps are due for replacement soon? The use of polarisation for 3D doesn’t help either.
I did visit the booth at the BFI IMAX a few years ago, I vaguely remember asking the projectionist about them but I’ve forgotten his response! Incidentally, the booth was absolutely spotless.
I see the 800kg figure on the BFI site; where did you get the figure for the Cineworld (Empire) Leicester Square?
The BFI screen was coated in situ with silver paint for 3D, the Leicester Square one wasn’t as the laser projection system doesn’t use polarisation for 3D.
Thank you for the info, I wasn’t aware that the old Charter Place shopping centre next to intu Watford was finally being redone, it’s been floating around as a proposal for years.
Planning Application.
Looking at the “APPROVED PROPOSED CINEMA LEVEL 2 PLAN” document, Auditorium 1 is the largest; 433 seats. Screen width I’d estimate to be as much as 80ft.!
Wonder what will happen to the Vue Watford? The area might at risk of becoming overscreened albeit Auditoria 4-9 in the above linked plans aren’t very big.
The only time I can recall seeing a presentation with an SDDS soundtrack used was “Bad Boys” in Screen 7 at the Warner West End.
I don’t think the film used all 8 tracks and I don’t think Screen 7 had 5 screen speakers for the left centre/right centre channels either.
It worked fine and I didn’t notice any dropouts, which was a major concern as the SDDS data was stored at the edges of the film strip. I did like the SDDS trailer.
As for how it compared to the other formats, it would be impossible to meaningfully compare subtle differences between lossy formats under those conditions.
The SDDS decoder was an interesting device for that time, e.g. it had onboard DSP processing including digital EQ.
SDDS used Sony’s ATRAC lossy compression system. I still have an old Sony MiniDisc (ATRAC was also used for MD) recorder lying around somewhere (probably at the back of the loft!) which I thought worked well at the time (late 1990s) but since then I’ve trained myself to be very sensitive to the artifacts of lossy audio compression systems. ATRAC itself went through various versions and the encoder quality is critical with any lossy compression system.
In the early days of online music stores and applications (e.g. iTunes), I installed Sony’s Connect store/software on my PC, which as well as selling ATRAC encoded content could extract (aka “rip”) audio off CDs and then reduce the file size using its ATRAC encoder.
No idea how this compared to professional encoders used for theatrical releases or the ones found in consumer MiniDisc recorders but it certainly couldn’t compete with a good AAC or even MP3 encode. Audible artifacts and dulling of high frequencies.
Indeed THX are still around in the home theatre world, although I haven’t really followed what they’re doing these days. The brand did get tarnished once it started being slapped on Sound Blaster soundcards and low quality multimedia speakers!
Alas my own home cinema (front projection with custom speakers—Electro-Voice subwoofers and satellites fitted with coaxial bass/mids using HF compression drivers) and the room it was in were destroyed by a leak a few years ago. You really don’t want to hear the rest of the sorry story, but it will be put back sooner or later. :–(
LARGE_screen_format: You’re very welcome, glad you liked my posts! :–)
I don’t think there are any THX-certified locations in the UK and there aren’t many left worldwide.
When THX was formed in 1983, there was a great need to improve sound in cinemas and get it closer to the then current state of the art.
Many venues had problems with excessive reverberation times (older ones in particular) and poor isolation (new build multiplexes or subdivided older venues (low cost “drop-wall” conversions and the like.)) Dolby Stereo had brought 4 channel matrixed sound to 35mm optical tracks but venues were just sticking in the Dolby Stereo decoder and adding surrounds with the old Altec Voice of the Theatre screen speakers still there, in whatever condition they were in by then.
THX venues would also feature baffle walls with flush mounted screen speakers (though there was nothing stopping non-THX venues from building them!) and the THX crossover/monitor unit.
Not only is the crossover/monitor unit a long discontinued product but it’s useless for modern 3-way screen speakers, let alone the emerging line array systems, and digital active crossovers that can be configured to do the same thing are available, so it’s not needed.
THX certification per se isn’t really an absolute guarantee of excellence.
Although the flagship venues clearly had attention to detail paid to them, that didn’t mean all THX venues sounded that good.
For example, there were 2 THX certified screens at the Hoyts multiplex in the Bluewater Shopping Centre (now a Showcase); they didn’t really sounded any different to any other run of the mill multiplex of the time (late 1990s), i.e. medicore.
Whereas e.g. the mid-2000s THX certified system in the old Empire 1 was amazing.
The IMAX Digital system has “21st Century” quality control included as the system is automatically checked and re-calibrated every day and the picture is constantly monitored by cameras in the auditorium, plus all installations are monitored by their Network Operations Centre in Mississauga.
Whereas THX only requires annual reinspections.
THX certification of cinemas didn’t really gain much traction in the UK; I heard that this was partially due to political reasons. On a worldwide basis I think operators started to drop it after the 35mm digital sound formats became commonplace—which makes sense since they could e.g. advertise “digital sound,” put the Dolby Digital logo above the entrance, and play the trailer. With DTS and SDDS out there as well, the average patron was probably confused by the “acronym soup”!
THX Ltd. has gone through changes of ownership and various directions over the years; they are now launching a new system to compete with Dolby Cinema and IMAX (which on the face of it doesn’t sound like a sensible move to me but there we are.)
Re: The original screens 5/7 THX installations.
From my recollection from the “JBL at the Movies” publication referenced in my previous comment, the specification was:
-Usual THX-certified JBL speakers (4675C main screen speakers, 4645B subwoofers, 8330 surrounds [about 16 IIRC] -THX crossover/monitor. -QSC amplification. -Dolby Digital/DTS in both screens, SDDS also in Screen 7.
They did sound very good indeed (although I might temper this by saying relative to expectations at that time!) and there was some mention in that publication of specific work that had gone into the acoustics for the venue. In any case, I always thought the acoustics were very good and it doesn’t suffer from the parallel walls and very early sidewall reflections from the left/right screen speakers which happen with the typical “box” auditorium with wall-to-wall screens.
The only problem was that it didn’t really have enough LFE capability for the digital formats.
As THX certified auditoria, they also had to have good acoustic isolation—you could only hear leakage of peak LFE levels if the auditorium you were in was quiet.
The rest of the auditoria all had JBL speakers as well and they also all sounded good. Of course, many other venues were using similar equipment then, so it does demonstrate that getting all the details right (incuding system alignment/calibration and real projectionists to run film-based shows) makes all the difference.
LARGE_screen_format:
To clarify: The VUE West End in its current form opened as the Warner West End (the plaque from the 1993 re-opening post-rebuilt is still embedded in the pavement outside)—the “Village” name was appended later when there was a joint venture between WB and Village Roadshow Pictures.
I’ve seen a number of comments on the Web suggesting that the “Village” suffix was something to do with a “village” of multiplex screens, which wasn’t the case!
To add to MovieGeek2013’s comment, as a UCI operated location the Empire LSQ wouled usually get all the major UIP-distributed releases.
Some years ago, I went for a meal at a Garfunkel’s Restaurant just off the square, and a couple of individuals sat at the adjacent table were having an impromptu meeting about which of the West End cinemas to place a number of upcoming movies.
About every 5 minutes one of the waiters would ask them if they were ready to order yet (which they never did.)
I wish I could say that I gained some profound insight into the machinations of film distribution, but the level of discussion was more like “the kids will go for that one!”
As I understood it, at least for the opening weeks, there was some sort of agreement that only one cinema operator in Leicester Square could book each title.
Empire Cinemas had a hard time getting bookings for LSQ, even after the IMAX opened.
This no longer seems to be the case.
VUE West End Screens 5/7 were, IIRC, said to have 40ft. wide screens in the “JBL at the Movies” promotional supplement that was published on behalf of Harman (JBL’s parent company) by Dennis Publishing and came with an edition of “Home Cinema Choice” and also put out as promotional blurb by Harman. I have half a dozen copies of it somewhere!
Screen 5 has a screen width of 13.1m/43ft. (by the chord) according to UNICK Architects' current licensing plans. (Dimension is actually written on the plans = 13145mm.)
Presumably the same width for Screen 7.
Screen 6 I’d estimate from the licensing plans to be a bit under 30ft.
Screen 8 and Screen 9 also have screen dimensions marked on the plans, Screen 8 is unreadable (it’s a bit smaller than Screen 9) and Screen 9 is 7.7m (actually 7744mm!) or about 25ft. wide.
I wouldn’t bother with the four basement screens (1-4) as they don’t have adequate isolation and screens are off-centre, but FYI for Screens 1/¾ I estimate the screens widths to be about 25-26ft., Screen 2 about 22ft. wide.
Screen 5 auditorium — about 21m from screen to last row, or about 1.6x screen width. The auditorium is about 23m wide max., therefore its total area is about 5000sq.ft. (Again ditto or approximately ditto for its sibling situated above, Screen 7.)
Indeed seat count doesn’t have a such a strong relationship to the auditorium size these days. It’s also about the auditorium geometry and relative screen size—I’ll discuss this further in another post.
If they do, they would probably be correct. ;–)
Cinema operators have, at least as long as I can remember, almost always been dreadful about disseminating details of the audio/projection system spec. The fact that the information they do provide is often limited, sometimes erroneous or odd suggests technical illiteracy rather than a conspiracy!
If you can find the plans for the cinema (often available to download as part of their entertainment/alcohol license) then you can estimate the screen width for yourself (also relative to the auditorium size and layout.)
You will sometimes find more detailed specifications in Cinema Technology Today (formerly Cinema Technology Magazine) if a new or upgraded venue is the subject of one of their articles, albeit it’s undergone a change of ownership and revamp and only a limited selection of archived back issues are currently available on their website.
Zappomatic: The side surrounds are visible in your photos, easier to see with some basic adjustments, e.g. increasing the brightness or gamma curve.
A double mains socket can also be seen on the right sidewall, perfect for charging your phone during the feature! (Just kidding.)
Hmm, do such duct tape repairs really cut it health and safety wise?!